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Mostrando entradas de diciembre, 2019

GENETIC DISORDERS

EXCRETION IN ANIMALS: EXPELLING SUBSTANCES.

Learn about excretion:  Compare excretion systems in different animals:

CIRCULATION IN ANIMALS: TRANSPORTING SUBSTANCES.

Sponges and cnidarians exchange substances with the environment directly through the surface of their body. Examples of animals with circulatory systems (open and closed).   Cirulatory system in human beings: click here .

INVERTEBRATES

Insects : Respiratory system of insects: insects exchange gasses through tracheae , very thin tubes which originate at openings in the body called spiracles and extend throughout the body. 

RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS OF VERTEBRATES

Fish .  Learn about fish wathing this video.        Gills are the respiratory organs in fish. Focus on the picture below: Mammals, reptiles, birds and some amphibians exchange gasses through lungs :

The blood flow

Humans have double and complete circulatory system.  The blood runs through two circuits: the pulmonary circuit and the sistemic circuit. 

Genetic alterations: mutations

Sex-linked inheritance

The traits linked to sex are those determined by genes located in the sex chromosomes (X and Y). After watching this video you should know to answer the following questions: 1) What does a trait is linked to sex mean? 2) Why sex-linked traits tend to be on the X chromosome? 3) What is haemophilia? 4) What means that an individual is a carrier?

Animals: vital functions.

Nutrition.  As you have studied the nutrition is different depending on the animal.  In ruminates , such as cows, the digestion takes place in this way. They have four-compartment stomach: rumen, reticulum, omasum and obomasum for taking nutrients from grass.